Provides an overview of the components of the UK's current population, noting the effects on both UK population growth and structure. Sets out the characteristics of the UK population, looking at ethnicity, country of birth and households and families. Puts forward the components of total population change, in particular natural change and migration. Notes demographic changes during economic recession. Considers the trend of migration to the UK from the 'accession' countries of central and eastern Europe since the expansion of the European Union in May 2004. Highlights the challenge of measuring population change and assesses the progress underway to improvement this measurement.